Feldspar

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Feldspar

Description : Feldspars belongs to group of rock-forming tectosilicate. Earth crust is main essence of feldspar. It occurs from intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks, The Feldspar name comes from the German 'Feld', "field", and Spath, meaning 'a rock that does not contain ore'. It is one of the hard minerals. It is a group of aluminosilicate minerals, contains calcium, sodium, or potassium. Sometimes it can be confused with quartz. It is cleavage minerals, this property is main feature which differentiate it with quartz. Feldspar mainly used as flux in ceramics and glass production. It can be also used in building tiles. Some varieties of feldspar such as Moonstone, Sunstone, Microcline can also use as gemstone. Mainly feldspar comes in three subgroups: orthoclase, microcline, and plagioclase.

Occurrence

Algeria
Argentina
Australia
Brazil
Bulgaria
Burma
Chile
China
Colombia
Cuba
Czechrepublic
Ecuador

Uses of Feldspar

Feldspar Commonly used in Construction, Glass, Plastics, Surface coatings, pottery. It used also as a Banding agent and gemstone.
Industrial Use : Raw material of feldspar is widely use for glass, ceramics.
Glass : In glass making it increase hardness, durability, and resistance. To make glass fiber and glass containers.
Ceramics : Calcium oxide, potassium oxide, and sodium oxide of feldspar useful in flux.
Pottery : It used for electrical insulators, sanitary ware, tableware, and tile.
Chemical Industry : In archaeology and chemical industry it used for K-Ar dating, argon-argon dating, thermo luminescence dating and optical dating.
Construction : Labradorite, variety of feldspar use for interior and exterior building slabs due to its iridescent property.
As Gemstone : Few feldspar are used as gemstone. Such as, Moonstone, Sunstone, Labrodorite, Microcline, used as an ornamental material.

Physical Properties of Feldspar

Color :	Available in white-gray, reddish, pink, green
Hardness :	On moh's scale hardness from 6
Density :	2.52 - 2.74 grams/cc (Orthoclase=2.52 Anorthite=2.74)
Comprehensive strength :	133.24 - 223.84MN/m2.
Water absorption :	4.61 – 5.80%

Chemical Composition

Feldspar (kalsi3o8 – naalsi3o8 – caal2si2o8)

Analyk

Sio₂
Al₂O₃
K₂O
Na₂O
Fe₂O₃
Cao
Mgo
Tio₂
Loi @ 1000oc

spar 01K

67.50% (Â± 01.00%)
17.75% (Â± 00.50%)
12.10% (Â± 00.60%
02.50% (Â± 00.80%)
00.07% (Â± 00.01%)
Nil
Nil
Nil
00.10%

spar 02K

69.50% (Â± 01.00%)
17.05% (Â± 00.50%)
10.00% (Â± 00.50%)
02.50% (Â± 00.80%)
00.10 (Â± 00.02%)
Nil
Nil
Nil
00.10%

spar 03K

72.50% (Â± 02.00%)
72.50% (Â± 02.00%)
08.00% (Â± 01.00%)
02.75% (Â± 01.00%)
00.20 (Â± 00.05%)
Nil
Nil
Nil
00.10%

Features of Feldspar

Act as flux
White color
Bonding ability
Ornamental material

Varieties of Feldspar

Alkali feldspars :
	Orthoclase : is usually light colored white, pink, yellow, or cream.The gem variety is clear to pale yellow, also called Nobel monoclinic type, formula is kalsi₃o₈. Sanidine : is monoclinic, formula is (K,Na)alsi₃o₈. Microcline : is white, pink, pale yellow, or sometimes green-blue and triclinic, chemical formula is kalsi₃o₈. It is also known as amazonite. Anorthoclase : is triclinic chemical formula is alsi₃o₈.
Shape :	Monoclinic
Luster :	Glassy or pearly
Color :	Cream to pink
Streak :	White
Hardness :	6 on Moh's Hardness Scale
Cleavage :	Yes
Fracture :	Conchoidal or brittle
Plagioclase feldspars :
	plagioclase feldspars are triclinic. Albite : with percent Anorthite 0 to 10, chemical formula is naalsi₃o₈. Oligoclase : with percent Anorthite 10 to 30, chemical formula is (Na,Ca)(Al,Si)alsi₂o₈. Andesine : with percent Anorthite 30 to 50, chemical formula is naalsi₃o₈ - caal₂si₂o₈. Labradorite : with percent Anorthite 50 to 70, chemical formula is (Ca,Na)Al(Al,Si)Si₂o₈. Bytownite : with percent Anorthite 70 to 90, chemical formula is (nasi,caal)alsi₂o₈. Anorthite : with percent Anorthite 90 to 100, chemical formula is caal₂si₂o₈.
Shape :	Triclinic
Luster :	Glassy or pearly
Color :	White to gray
Streak :	White
Hardness :	6-6.5 on Moh's Hardness Scale
Cleavage :	Yes
Fracture :	Conchoidal or brittle
Barium feldspars :
	The barium feldspars are monoclinic. Celsian: (baal₂si₂o₈) Hyalophane : (K,Na,Ba)(Al,Si)₄o₈
Shape :	Monoclinic.
Luster :	Vitreous (Glassy)
Color :	Colorless, Yellow, White, Red.
Transparency :	Transparent to translucent
Hardness :	6-6.5 on Moh's Hardness Scale
Fracture :	Brittle